Category: Dinoflagellate genomics

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Tissue-Biased and Species-Specific Regulation of Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Genes in Scallops Exposed to Toxic Dinoflagellates.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Dec 31;13(1):
Authors: Hlaing SMM, Lou J, Cheng…

Marine bivalves could accumulate paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by toxic microalgae, which might induce oxidative stress. Glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) are key enzymes functioning in the antioxidant defense, whereas our understanding of their roles in PST challenge in bivalves is limited. Herein, through genome-wide screening, we identified nine (CfGPx) and eight (PyGPx) GPx genes in Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) and Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis), respectively, and…

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Evolution of Photosynthetic Eukaryotes; Current Opinion, Perplexity, and a New Perspective.
Results Probl Cell Differ. 2020;69:337-351
Authors: Maruyama S, Kim E
Abstract
The evoluti…

The evolution of eukaryotic photosynthesis marked a major transition for life on Earth, profoundly impacting the atmosphere of the Earth and evolutionary trajectory of an array of life forms. There are about ten lineages of photosynthetic eukaryotes, including Chloroplastida, Rhodophyta, and Cryptophyta. Mechanistically, eukaryotic photosynthesis arose via a symbiotic merger between a host eukaryote and either a cyanobacterial or eukaryotic photosymbiont. There are, however, many aspects of this…

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Electrochemical genosensor for the detection of Alexandrium minutum dinoflagellates.
Talanta. 2021 Jan 15;222:121416
Authors: Morais SL, Barros P, Santos M, Delerue-Matos C, Gomes AC, Fátima Barroso…

This work addresses the development of a disposable electrochemical genosensor for the detection of the toxic dinoflagellate, Alexandrium minutum. Analyzing public databases, a specific 70 bp DNA probe, targeting A. minutum, was selected and designed. The genosensor methodology implied the immobilization of a A. minutum-specific DNA-capture probe onto screen-printed gold electrodes (SPGE). To improve both the selectivity and to avoid strong secondary structures, that could hinder the…

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A New Dinoflagellate Genome Illuminates a Conserved Gene Cluster Involved in Sunscreen Biosynthesis.
Genome Biol Evol. 2020 Nov 04;:
Authors: Shoguchi E, Beedessee G, Hisata K, Tada I, Narisoko H, S…

Photosynthetic dinoflagellates of the Family Symbiodiniaceae live symbiotically with many organisms that inhabit coral reefs and are currently classified into fifteen groups, including seven genera. Draft genomes from four genera, Symbiodinium, Breviolum, Fugacium, and Cladocopium, which have been isolated from corals, have been reported. However, no genome is available from the genus Durusdinium, which occupies an intermediate phylogenetic position in the Family Symbiodiniaceae and is well…

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The 5S rRNA genes in Alexandrium: their use as a FISH chromosomal marker in studies of the diversity, cell cycle and sexuality of dinoflagellates.
Harmful Algae. 2020 Sep;98:101903
Authors: de Busto…

Chromosomal markers of the diversity and evolution of dinoflagellates are scarce because the genomes of these organisms are unique among eukaryotes in terms of their base composition and chromosomal structure. Similarly, a lack of appropriate tools has hindered studies of the chromosomal localization of 5S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) in the nucleosome-less chromosomes of dinoflagellates. In this study, we isolated and cloned 5S rDNA sequences from various toxin-producing species of the genus…