Category: Dinoflagellate genomics

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Genomic adaptations to an endolithic lifestyle in the coral-associated alga Ostreobium.
Curr Biol. 2021 Feb 02;:
Authors: Iha C, Dougan KE, Varela JA, Avila V, Jackson CJ, Bogaert KA, Chen Y, Judd …

Marine microalgae are a diverse group of microscopic eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms capable of photosynthesis. They are important primary producers and carbon sinks but their physiology and persistence are severely affected by global climate change. Powerful experimental evolution technologies are being used to examine the potential of microalgae to respond adaptively to current and predicted future conditions, as well as to develop resources to facilitate species conservation and…

The green alga Ostreobium is an important coral holobiont member, playing key roles in skeletal decalcification and providing photosynthate to bleached corals that have lost their dinoflagellate endosymbionts. Ostreobium lives in the coral’s skeleton, a low-light environment with variable pH and O(2) availability. We present the Ostreobium nuclear genome and a metatranscriptomic analysis of healthy and bleached corals to improve our understanding of Ostreobium’s adaptations to its extreme…

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Peculiarities within peculiarities – dinoflagellates and their mitochondrial genomes.
Mitochondrial DNA B Resour. 2017 Apr 01;2(1):191-195
Authors: Gagat P, Mackiewicz D, Mackiewicz P
Abst…

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Rapid protein evolution, organellar reductions, and invasive intronic elements in the marine aerobic parasite dinoflagellate Amoebophrya spp.
BMC Biol. 2021 Jan 06;19(1):1
Authors: Farhat S, Le P, …

CONCLUSION: These results expand the range of atypical genome features found in basal dinoflagellates and raise questions regarding speciation and the evolutionary mechanisms at play while parastitism was selected for in this particular unicellular lineage.

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Tissue-Biased and Species-Specific Regulation of Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Genes in Scallops Exposed to Toxic Dinoflagellates.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Dec 31;13(1):
Authors: Hlaing SMM, Lou J, Cheng…

Marine bivalves could accumulate paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by toxic microalgae, which might induce oxidative stress. Glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) are key enzymes functioning in the antioxidant defense, whereas our understanding of their roles in PST challenge in bivalves is limited. Herein, through genome-wide screening, we identified nine (CfGPx) and eight (PyGPx) GPx genes in Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) and Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis), respectively, and…

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Evolution of Photosynthetic Eukaryotes; Current Opinion, Perplexity, and a New Perspective.
Results Probl Cell Differ. 2020;69:337-351
Authors: Maruyama S, Kim E
Abstract
The evoluti…

The evolution of eukaryotic photosynthesis marked a major transition for life on Earth, profoundly impacting the atmosphere of the Earth and evolutionary trajectory of an array of life forms. There are about ten lineages of photosynthetic eukaryotes, including Chloroplastida, Rhodophyta, and Cryptophyta. Mechanistically, eukaryotic photosynthesis arose via a symbiotic merger between a host eukaryote and either a cyanobacterial or eukaryotic photosymbiont. There are, however, many aspects of this…