Category: Dinoflagellate genomics

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Transcriptomic analysis of polyketide synthases in a highly ciguatoxic dinoflagellate, Gambierdiscus polynesiensis and low toxicity Gambierdiscus pacificus, from French Polynesia.
PLoS One. 2020;15(4):e0231…

Dinoflagellates have some of the largest genomes, and their liquid-crystalline chromosomes (LCCs) have high degrees of non-nucleosomal superhelicity with cation-mediated DNA condensation. It is currently unknown if condensins, pentameric protein complexes containing structural maintenance of chromosomes 2/4, commonly involved in eukaryotic chromosomes condensation in preparation for M phase, may be involved in the LCC structure. We find that CcSMC4p (dinoflagellate SMC4 homolog) level peaked at…

Marine dinoflagellates produce a diversity of polyketide toxins that are accumulated in marine food webs and are responsible for a variety of seafood poisonings. Reef-associated dinoflagellates of the genus Gambierdiscus produce toxins responsible for ciguatera poisoning (CP), which causes over 50,000 cases of illness annually worldwide. The biosynthetic machinery for dinoflagellate polyketides remains poorly understood. Recent transcriptomic and genomic sequencing projects have revealed the…

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Mesorhizobium alexandrii sp. nov., isolated from phycosphere microbiota of PSTs-producing marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum amtk4.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2020 Mar 19;:
Authors: Yang X, Jia…

An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, motile and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated as Z1-4^(T), was isolated from the phycosphere microbiota of marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum that produces paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the new isolate belongs to the genus Mesorhizobium, and it was closely related to Mesorhizobium waimense LMG 28228^(T) and Mesorhizobium amorphae LMG 18977^(T) with both 16S rRNA gene sequence…

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Correlation between organelle genetic variation and RNA editing in dinoflagellates associated with the coral Acropora digitifera.
Genome Biol Evol. 2020 Feb 27;:
Authors: Shoguchi E, Yoshioka Y, Shi…

In order to develop successful strategies for coral reef preservation, it is critical that the biology of both host corals and symbiotic algae are investigated. In the Ryukyu Archipelago, which encompasses many islands spread over ∼500 km of the Pacific Ocean, four major populations of the coral Acropora digitifera have been studied using whole-genome shotgun (WGS) sequence analysis (Shinzato C, Mungpakdee S, Arakaki N, Satoh N. 2015. Genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis…

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Dinoflagellates with relic endosymbiont nuclei as models for elucidating organellogenesis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Feb 24;:
Authors: Sarai C, Tanifuji G, Nakayama T, Kamikawa R, Takahashi K, …

Nucleomorphs are relic endosymbiont nuclei so far found only in two algal groups, cryptophytes and chlorarachniophytes, which have been studied to model the evolutionary process of integrating an endosymbiont alga into a host-governed plastid (organellogenesis). However, past studies suggest that DNA transfer from the endosymbiont to host nuclei had already ceased in both cryptophytes and chlorarachniophytes, implying that the organellogenesis at the genetic level has been completed in the two…

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Characterizing ciguatoxin (CTX)- and Non-CTX-producing strains of Gambierdiscus balechii using comparative transcriptomics.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Feb 07;717:137184
Authors: Wu Z, Luo H, Yu L, Lee …